Top 10 Nitrogen Fertilizers mostly used in Madhya Pradesh

Madhya Pradesh, the heartland of India, boasts fertile lands that have been a cornerstone of agricultural production for centuries. To maintain and enhance this productivity, farmers rely heavily on fertilizers, particularly those rich in nitrogen. Nitrogen is essential for plant growth, playing a vital role in chlorophyll formation, photosynthesis, and overall crop yield.

In this article, we'll explore the Top 10 nitrogen fertilizers commonly applied in Madhya Pradesh, covering their trade names, available forms, nitrogen percentages, application methods, rates, timings, formulations, special features, residual effects, and limitations.

1. Urea (46-0-0)

- Trade Name: Urea

- Form: Granular or prilled

- Nitrogen Percentage: 46%

- Nature of Application: Soil application, top-dressing

- Rate of Application: 100-150 kg/ha

- Time of Application: Pre-planting, top-dressing during the vegetative stage

- Formulation: Solid

- Special Features: Quick-release nitrogen source, suitable for all crops, highly soluble

- Residual Effects: Short-term, requires frequent applications

- Limitations: Prone to volatilization losses in high temperatures and alkaline soils

2. Ammonium Sulphate (21-0-0-24S)

- Trade Name: Ammonium Sulphate

- Form: Crystalline or granular

- Nitrogen Percentage: 21%

- Nature of Application: Soil application, foliar spray

- Rate of Application: 100-200 kg/ha

- Time of Application: Pre-planting, early growth stages

- Formulation: Solid

- Special Features: Provides both nitrogen and sulphur, suitable for alkaline soils

- Residual Effects: Moderate, enhances soil acidity over time

- Limitations: Can increase soil salinity if overused

3. Diammonium Phosphate (18-46-0)

- Trade Name: DAP

- Form: Granular

- Nitrogen Percentage: 18%

- Nature of Application: Soil application

- Rate of Application: 50-100 kg/ha

- Time of Application: Pre-planting, basal application

- Formulation: Solid

- Special Features: High phosphorus content, suitable for phosphorus-deficient soils

- Residual Effects: Long-term for phosphorus, short-term for nitrogen

- Limitations: Not suitable for alkaline soils, can be corrosive to equipment

4. Monoammonium Phosphate (11-52-0)

- Trade Name: MAP

- Form: Granular

- Nitrogen Percentage: 11%

- Nature of Application: Soil application

- Rate of Application: 50-100 kg/ha

- Time of Application: Pre-planting, basal application

- Formulation: Solid

- Special Features: Balanced nitrogen and phosphorus content, suitable for various crops

- Residual Effects: Moderate, improves soil fertility over time

- Limitations: Not suitable for alkaline soils, can increase soil acidity

5. Calcium Ammonium Nitrate (27-0-0)

- Trade Name: CAN

- Form: Granular

- Nitrogen Percentage: 27%

- Nature of Application: Soil application, top-dressing

- Rate of Application: 100-200 kg/ha

- Time of Application: Pre-planting, top-dressing during the vegetative stage

- Formulation: Solid

- Special Features: Provides calcium along with nitrogen, reduces nitrogen losses

- Residual Effects: Short-term, improves soil structure

- Limitations: Hygroscopic nature requires careful storage

6. Ammonium Nitrate (34-0-0)

- Trade Name: Ammonium Nitrate

- Form: Granular or prilled

- Nitrogen Percentage: 34%

- Nature of Application: Soil application, foliar spray

- Rate of Application: 50-150 kg/ha

- Time of Application: Pre-planting, early growth stages

- Formulation: Solid

- Special Features: High nitrogen content, suitable for crops with high nitrogen demand

- Residual Effects: Short-term, minimal leaching losses

- Limitations: Can be explosive under certain conditions, restricted in some regions due to safety concerns

7. Liquid Ammonium Nitrate (20-0-0)

- Trade Name: LAN

- Form: Liquid

- Nitrogen Percentage: 20%

- Nature of Application: Foliar spray, fertigation

- Rate of Application: Varies based on crop and growth stage

- Time of Application: Throughout the growing season

- Formulation: Liquid

- Special Features: Quick absorption, suitable for foliar application

- Residual Effects: Short-term, minimal soil disturbance

- Limitations: Requires specialized equipment for application, can cause leaf burn if not diluted properly

8. Sodium Nitrate (16-0-0)

- Trade Name: Sodium Nitrate

- Form: Granular

- Nitrogen Percentage: 16%

- Nature of Application: Soil application

- Rate of Application: 100-200 kg/ha

- Time of Application: Pre-planting, basal application

- Formulation: Solid

- Special Features: Provides both nitrogen and sodium, suitable for saline soils

- Residual Effects: Short-term, improves soil structure

- Limitations: Relatively expensive compared to other nitrogen sources

9. UAN (Urea Ammonium Nitrate) Solution (28-0-0)

- Trade Name: UAN Solution

- Form: Liquid

- Nitrogen Percentage: 28%

- Nature of Application: Foliar spray, fertigation

- Rate of Application: Varies based on crop and growth stage

- Time of Application: Throughout the growing season

- Formulation: Liquid

- Special Features: Homogeneous mixture of urea and ammonium nitrate, reduces nitrogen losses

- Residual Effects: Short-term, minimal soil disruption

- Limitations: Requires specialized equipment for application, can cause leaf burn if not diluted properly

10. Ammonium Chloride (25-0-0)

- Trade Name: Ammonium Chloride

- Form: Granular

- Nitrogen Percentage: 25%

- Nature of Application: Soil application

- Rate of Application: 50-100 kg/ha

- Time of Application: Pre-planting, basal application

- Formulation: Solid

- Special Features: Suitable for acid-loving crops, provides both nitrogen and chloride

- Residual Effects: Short-term, increases soil acidity

- Limitations: Not suitable for alkaline soils, can be corrosive to equipment

In conclusion,

The application of nitrogen fertilizers is crucial for optimizing crop yields in Madhya Pradesh's agricultural landscape. Farmers must consider various factors such as soil type, crop requirements, and environmental conditions when selecting and applying fertilizers. While nitrogen fertilizers enhance plant growth and productivity, proper management is essential to minimize environmental impact and maximize economic returns. It's advisable for farmers to conduct soil tests regularly and seek guidance from agricultural experts to make informed decisions regarding fertilizer application.

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