Challenges of Agriculture Sector in India

यह लेख हिंदी में भी उपलब्ध है | यहां दबाएं |

The development of agricultural sector in India is still a big challenge, which is not going to be so easy to fulfill because in the coming 30 years, the population of India is estimated to be around 1.6 billion (1,60,00,00,000), and for this 333 million tonnes (33.3 Crores) tons will be produced in the agricultural sector, which will be almost one-third higher than the present production.

There are many types of challenges in India right now which we can try to understand: -

• Farmers having less land area : - Farmers having less land areas is a major obstacle which prevents agriculture from becoming more profitable.
About 5 to 6 percent of the cultivable land is wasted due to boundaries formation and division in the fields, on an average 85 percent of the land is owned by small and middle class farmers, according to which a small farmer has an average land of 0.9 hectare. Whereas in our country about 1.5 hectares of land is available to every Indian citizen. Think yourself, due to the growing population and the Concretisation of Earth Surface, this fertile land is also slowly decreasing which can lead to a very serious problem, the government should consider it and take a higher decision. For the prevention of this problem, some action plans should be prepared. For an instance, this problem can be solved with "assisted farming" in which all farmers should work together.
• Staying connected with old and traditional customs practices : - The old ways are still considered very artisan in farming, but keeping in mind the changing environment and high demand of production, farmers should adopt new ways of agriculture according to mordern technologies.
• Irrigation facilities: - India's biggest challenge in the agriculture sector is water scarcity and it's management, though we have many options which are made according to the availability of water in different areas but even after that there is a need to prevent the damage done to crops that is caused by drought.
• Diversification and mechanization alone can increase farmers' income by 4 to 5 times. In our country, mechanization in the agricultural sector mostly means only tractors and harvesters. There is no doubt that tractor sales are increasing year after year, but small farmers are unable to take advantage of this technology. Agricultural machines are very expensive. Small farmers are not able to raise so much money to buy these products.
• Most of the farmers do not get enough time to do other activities, which can raise their income to a great extent such as :- setting up cash crop and horticulture crops around the fields and vacancies, use of vermi-compost and vermi-culture, fisheries, poultry farms, aromatic crops, vegetables, horticultural crops, beekeeping, mushroom cultivation, etc. All these activities can increase the income of the farmer by 20 to 200%.
• Contribution to national GDP is very low even after employment opportunities are high.
• About 13.9% of the country's GDP comes from agriculture every year, even after that the money invested in agriculture is not even 70% of the economy generated, that means more money should be invested in the development and research of agriculture, which will give a right direction to the agricultural sector and further encourage agriculture by taking good decisions.

• The machines that are currently available in the agricultural sector are only used by big farmers and are very expensive which small farmers cannot afford, then they have to take these machines in rent for fixed time interval and due to less availability of machines (like tractor harvester Pressing machines etc.) farmers do not get the machines on time which causes damage in there productivity.
• Reduction in irrigation and dependence on monsoon.
• Lack of education in farmers
•It is very difficult to get accurate information about the weather and environment due to regional changes in harthy distance, due to regional changes the water, wind, soil behavior also changes towards there crops. Which can reduce production more or less.
• Due to lack of marketing and storage facilities, farmers lose about 30% of there total profit. If this thing is done properly then the loss of at least 3 lakh crores in India can be saved, which happens every year due to lack of storage and broken marketing maps.
• If the loan obtained from the bank is not utilized properly, then what will be the benefit of taking it?
If the farmer does not get the loan on time, then there is a delay in taking manure, fertilizers material and other essential things, due to which the crop production is reduced.
• Government should not provide the loan to the farmers in cash, but in the form of seeds, fertilizers, irrigation machines etc. or any other agricultural inputs, so that the farmers' money will be used only for the purpose for which it is given, the cash amount should be given only to those farmers who are troubled in living their lifestyle due to a natural disaster.

Despite all these problems, there are many challenges that make the agricultural sector very difficult.
• Lack in transportation facilities and other infrastructure: - It is obvious that a farmer produces its productions in tans and there is no such merchant present in the local or regional area who can buy this much production simultaneously, hence By arranging good transport facilities to the farmer , all the produce has to be taken to the city, but due to its delay, the farmers suffer a lot of loses.
• Low profitability and low productivity: - Most Indian farmers still get very little profit and production as compared to other developed states, even then also where there is a big difference between Indian states.

- TAPSENDRA PATEL

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